世界非遗项目 倾听中国声音 贵州侗族大歌

2009入选世界非遗项目 贵州侗族大歌

Non heritage projects listen to the voice of China Guizhou Dong song

侗族大歌起源于春秋战国时期，至今已有2500多年的历史，是在中国侗族地区一种多声部、无指挥、无伴奏、自然合声的民间合唱形式。侗族大歌无论是音律结构、演唱技艺、演唱方式和演唱场合均与一般民间歌曲不同，它是一领众和，分高低音多声部谐唱的合唱种类，属于民间支声复调音乐歌曲，这在中外民间音乐中都极为罕见，侗族大歌不仅仅是一种音乐艺术形式，对于侗族人民文化及其精神的传承和凝聚都起着非常重大的作用，是侗族文化的直接体现。

侗族大歌早在宋代已经发展到了比较成熟的阶段，宋代著名诗人陆游在其《老学庵笔记》中就记载了“仡伶”（侗人自称）集体做客唱歌的情况。至明代，邝露在其所著《赤雅》一书中更加明确地记载了侗人“长歌闭目”的情景，这是数百年前侗族大歌演唱的重要文献。大歌一般在村寨或氏族之间集体做客的场合中演唱，是侗人文化交流和情感交流的核心内容，在某种程度上体现和传达了侗族文化的灵魂。
1986年，在法国巴黎金秋艺术节上，贵州黎平侗族大歌一经亮相，技惊四座，被认为是“清泉般闪光的音乐，掠过古梦边缘的旋律”。

Music affecting Korea and Japan

Dongzutaige originated in the Warring States period, has been 2500 years of history, is in the Dong area China a polyphony, no conductor, without the accompaniment of a natural chorus folk singing form. Dongzutaige both temperament structure singing skills and singing style and singing folk songs in different occasions and in general, it is from the public, high bass polyphonic harmonic choral singing. Folk polyphony music songs belong to this, in the Chinese and foreign folk music is extremely rare, dongzutaige is not only a musical art form, and cohesion of the Dong people for culture and spiritual heritage plays a very important role, is a direct reflection of Dong culture.
Dongzutaige early in the Song Dynasty has developed to a relatively mature stage, the famous Song Dynasty poet Lu You in the “old nunnery notes” on the records of “Yi Ling” (Dong people claiming to visit the collective singing). To the Ming Dynasty, in his book “kuanglu Chi Ya” in a book more clearly documented the Dong people “long closed eyes” scenario, this is an important document for hundreds of years ago Dongzudage sung. It is the core content of Dong People’s cultural exchange and emotional communication, which reflects and conveys the soul of Dong culture to some extent.
In 1986, at the golden autumn festival in Paris, France, Guizhou Liping Dong grand song once appeared, four technical shock, is considered as “spring like flash of music,” the ancient dream of the

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