钢琴曲欣赏:舒曼《飞翔》

钢琴曲欣赏:舒曼《飞翔》

舒曼的《幻想曲集》Op.12是舒曼创作巅峰时期的作品,不仅是他钢琴音乐创作中的重要经典文献之一,也是整个德奥浪漫主义钢琴音乐中的瑰宝。

舒曼的幻想曲集OP.12作于1837年,题献给苏格兰的年轻女钢琴家安娜•罗贝娜•莱德拉夫小姐。曲集由8首小曲组成,相互独立又一气呵成,分为二册,各4首。每首曲子的标题依次是《傍晚》、《冲动》又称“飞翔”、《为什么》、《奇想》、《夜》、《寓言》、《奇妙的梦境》、《最后的歌》。整个套曲以f小调为核心,全曲自始至终洋溢着对克拉拉的爱。

第2首《冲动》又称“飞翔”,6/8拍的回旋曲式,结构为:AB AC ABA。与前一首形成鲜明对比的是,这首曲子充满激情,调性使用的这个套曲的主要调式——f小调,舒曼指示“Sehr Rasch”,要演奏得非常热情。

1-16小节为A段,强有力的断奏和加sf的小连线交替出现,赋予这个主题强有力的节奏感。双手演奏和弦时,手腕和手指必须要有坚强的支撑,在sf的语气点上,加踏板强调。尽管速度很快,但旋律必须交待清楚。

17-40小节为B段,它第一次出现在降D大调上,第二次出现在123-146小节,为降A大调。如蝴蝶般穿插在右手十六分音符之间的旋律音型是舒曼典型的创作风格。在这段音乐中,左手的上方声部和右手的高声部构成了一个平行六度的二重唱段落,旋律以级进上行的半音阶为主,就像是小提琴和大提琴的对唱,和声变化极其丰富,织体写法异常的轻盈,速度上的伸缩和节奏重音的变幻非常巧妙。演奏时要注意右手手腕的转动,这样才不至于使手指变得僵硬,在中低音区时尽量避免使用踏板,以保证织体和旋律的清晰度。

从52-113小节为C段,舒曼将调性转至降B大调,与前后形成鲜明对比。作曲家在这段中运用了四声部的复调织体手法,使得这段的和声及旋律变得异常复杂。演奏时始终非常强调右手外声部主旋律,一定要让听众清晰地听到。连奏、断奏以及分句的细微变化也务必要交待清楚。踏板的使用更要相当的谨慎,由于是在低音区,旋律上行时也应尽量避免。93至113小节为再现前的过渡段落,在右手的长句中要做一个很大的渐强。再现部分114小节至结束,由于前文已经提到,这里就不再重复。

Piano Music Appreciation: Schumann’s “Flying”

Schumann’s “Fantasy Collection” Op.12 is Schumann’s work during the peak period, not only one of the most important classical literature in his piano music creation, but also a gem of the entire German-Olympic romantic piano music.

Schumann’s Fantasia album OP.12 was written in 1837 and was dedicated to the young female pianist in Scotland, Miss Anna Robeina Lydrav. The album consisted of 8 small songs, each of which was independent and yet another. It was divided into two volumes and four in each. The title of each song is “In the Evening,” “Impulse,” also known as “Flying,” “Why,” “Kissing,” “Night,” “Fable,” “The Wonderful Dream,” and “The Last Song.” The whole suite is centered in f minor, and the whole song is full of love for Clara from beginning to end.

The 2nd “Impulse” is also called “flying”. The 6/8th round of gyro is composed of: AB AC ABA. In stark contrast to the previous one, the tune is full of passion, and the key tune of the tunes used in this tune, f minor, and Schumann’s instruction, “Sehr Rasch,” are played very enthusiastically.

 

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