世界音乐记忆-中国昆曲-世界非物质文化遗产项目

世界音乐记忆-中国昆曲-世界非物质文化遗产项目

2001年昆曲选入中国世界非物质文化遗产项目

昆曲是现存的中国最古老的剧种之一，起源于明代(公元14—17世纪)。昆曲的唱腔具有很强的艺术性，对中国近代的所有戏剧剧种，如川剧、京剧都有着巨大的影响。昆曲表演包括唱、念、做、打、舞等，这些内容亦是培训京剧演员的基本科目。昆腔及其戏剧结构(旦、丑、生等角色)亦被其他剧种所借鉴。《牡丹亭》、《长生殿》成为传统的保留剧目。昆曲表演用锣鼓、弦索及笛、箫、笙、琵琶等管弦和打击乐器伴奏。昆曲的舞蹈动作主要分作两类，具有丰富的表现力。

Kunqu opera was selected as the intangible cultural heritage project in China in 2001.

Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest Chinese operas. It originated in the Ming Dynasty (AD 14 – seventeenth Century). Kunqu opera has a strong artistic style, which has a great influence on all modern Chinese drama, such as Sichuan Opera and Peking Opera. Kunqu Opera includes singing, reading, doing, playing, dancing and so on. These contents are also the basic subjects for training Peking opera performers. Kunqu Opera and its dramatic structure (Dan, ugliness, Sheng and so on) are also used by other dramas. The Peony Pavilion and the palace of longevity have become traditional repertoire. Kunqu Opera is accompanied by percussion instruments such as Gong and drum, string and flute, Xiao, Sheng, Pipa and other percussion instruments. The dance movements of Kunqu Opera are mainly divided into two categories, which are rich in expressive force.

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